Relevance of Shakespeare Macbeth Themes Essay

Taking the stage 400 years ago, when shakespeare was equipped with his magical wand and book of speels , he casted a miraculous charm upon the world leaving people everywhere spell bounded. From the wonderful pleasures of love to the dark enchanting delights of ambition, his expert flawless wizardry enabled his socerous charms to stun and stagger the world even to this day. There is virtually no one who doesn’t know this quote â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair† To know the bard, is to be a somebody. True fact. In particular there is a certain shakespeare play that strongly and rather brutally deals with those themes applicable and prevalent to today’s society. It’s a tale of loyalty, morality, guilt and conscience to lust, deception, betrayal, jealousy, ambition and greed. Add in the element of war and destiny and you’ve got Macbeth. Shakespeare has truly shaped, shifted and cultivated Macbeth to convey human emotions to his characters to the utmost extreme. He also demonstrated that its more satisfying to achieve goals than ill – gained means. Ambition and guilt, these themes are still relevant to today’s society. Eessntially the play Macbeth explores the temptation of absolute power and vaulting ambition. Iot’s relevant because Macbeth captures the many modern dilemmas and concerns today and the timeless nature of the human condition. Ambition was the driving force behind Macbeth. Normally, being ambitious is a good thing, it pushes people to not give up. Without ambition, people wouldn’t get very far, yet being overzealous with ambition also has it’s downfalls. â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent buy only vaulting ambition illustrates Macbeth’s ruthless obsession for power. There are two types of ambition Ambition Type 1 – naked and unchecked ambition – only benefiting themselves like Macbeth Ambition Type 2 – caring others above themselves like Banqou The play fiercely illustrates how being consumed by naked and unchecked ambition has its drastic consequences especially when it compromises your conscience or morality which is still applicable to today’s society. The world is full of ambition and people want to climb to the top. So being ambitious is like wielding a two-edged sword.

Research Summary and Ethical Considerations Essay

â€Å"According to statistics presented by the National Interview Survey (2010) there are approximately 7.1 million children in the United States who have asthma.† (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics [CDCNCHS], 2010). â€Å"Asthma is an inflammatory disease that is characterized by airway obstruction and may cause episodes of wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing.† (Walker, 2012). â€Å"Studies have shown that these symptoms are difficult to manage in obese asthmatic children as the medications used to treat asthma are less effective on them due to the added weight. This paper summarizes a quantitative study showing that enhanced physical activity and asthma management education can reduce asthmatic symptoms in children.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). It includes introduction, background, methods, results, ethical considerations and conclusion summary of the study. Introduction â€Å"Children with asthma are at risk for obesity and resultant severity of the disease due to their reluctance towards physical activity. In order to prevent this risk an educational and activity program was developed for elementary schoolchildren with moderate persistent asthma utilizing a quantitative study design. The introduction of this program resulted in significant improvement in lung conditions and reduction of the number of emergency room visits while potentially reducing the risk of obesity later in life.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). Background of Study â€Å"Reports show that seventy five percent of all children in the United States who need emergent care due to their asthma are overweight. Children with  moderate to severe persistent asthma have a higher incidence of also being obese. Obese asthmatics are less responsive to medications used to treat asthma. The reluctance to physical activity is due to the fear of asthma attack with exercise. This leads to obesity and obesity leads to more severe asthma symptoms. In order to break this cycle effective intervention is necessary. The most effective intervention is increased physical activity. Developing and evaluating understanding the mechanisms of asthma control and promoting physical activity in participating asthmatic elementary school-aged children was a pilot program resulting in reduced severity of asthma symptoms which was also the purpose of the study.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). This study is significant for nurses as they take care of children with asthma in clinics a nd hospitals effectively intervening to improve their health. Methods of Study â€Å"A quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal design was used to evaluate a pilot asthma program with emphasis on physical activity in order to improve asthma control among children with moderate persistent asthma. Asthma symptoms, lung condition, and willingness to participate in physical exercise were compared before and one month after the six week asthma program. As a pilot study, this program was an intervention-only program without a control group. The sample was collected from participants of Breathe LA’s Lung Power program with moderate persistent asthma. Ten children between the ages of seven to twelve years old both males and females who volunteered for the study were selected for a six week asthma program. Barriers to proper asthma management were identified and treated by parental interviews. Introductory and concluding spirometry tests were done to assess the actual improvement in lung volume post program. Physical activity was closely monitored and performed only after sufficient management skills were taught to and reinforced by the participants and parents. Six lessons were prepared and delivered over two hours weekly sessions.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). Results of Study â€Å"Throughout the six week program the participants’ asthmatic attack rates dropped significantly. Weekly and monthly asthmatic incidences also decreased significantly. Although not statistically significant, emergency  room visits dropped after the six week program and the participants also engaged in significantly more physical activities in a given week and month compared to pre-program activities. The spirometry test post-program results showed a slight, but significant increase in lung volume.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). The implications of this study to nursing are very significant. Being the caregiver to children with asthma in clinics and hospitals nurses can make a huge difference in their lives by sharing the significant findings of the study and incorporating it in their daily care regimen. Teaching proper symptom management and physical activity to parents and children will significantly improve their health. Ethical Considerations of Study The authors are affiliated with California State University Fullerton and the study was reviewed by editorial board, blind peer, and expert peer. The study sample was a sub-group of pre-existing participants of the Breathe LA’s Lung Power program. In adherence to the code of ethics for the research study patient privacy was protected through the initial program. Only patients who volunteered were included in the study and the program was held in the Breathe LA facility located in Los Angeles. â€Å"Facilitators present throughout the program included a respiratory therapist and volunteer respiratory therapy students.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). Parents were to observe at all times and intervene as appropriate to the study. The article fails to mention approval acquired from an institutional review board. There is a possibility that there may be a blanket consent that covers the research study via the initial Lung Power program which was in accordance to laws in Los Angeles. Conclusion â€Å"Children with asthma represent a population group more prone to becoming obese than their non-asthmatic counterparts. Understanding the mechanism of what causes asthma and being able to control asthma enough to engage in physical activity is significant. Therefore, future asthma management programs should incorporate more supervised physical exercises. Educators, therapists, nurses, parents and coaches need to understand that moderate physical exercise is a remedy for asthma symptoms, not the cause and should take an active role in providing asthma education for children with moderate persistent asthma. Increasing supervised, moderate physical exercise for  these children can reduce asthmatic symptoms and risk for obesity later in life.† (Haines & Kim, 2013). References U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics. (2010). Summary health statistics for U.S. children: National Health Interview Survey, 2009. (DHHS Publication No. (PHS)-2011-1575). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr10/sr10247.pdf Walker, V. (2012). Factors Related to Emotional Responses in School-aged Children Who Have Asthma. Issues In Mental Health Nursing, 33(7), 406-429. doi:10.3109/01612840.2012.682327 Haines, M. S., & Kim, D. H. (2013). A Study of the Effects of Physical Activity on Asthmatic Symptoms and Obesity Risk in Elementary School-Aged Children. American Journal Of Health Education, 44(3), 156-161. doi:10.1080/19325037.2013.779905

Against tithing in the modern-day christian church Essay

Against tithing in the modern-day christian church - Essay Example Tithing should not be practiced in the modern-day Church. There are several reasons for this, five good ones being the following: God does not dwell in churches made with human hands; the old Covenant cannot justify men through works and righteousness anymore; there would be less prosperity churches as well as their propaganda; the church can have a different approach towards giving than tithing; and the practice of tithing ended with the last book of the Old Testament in Malachi. These are just a few of the many reasons why tithing should not continue to be practiced in the modern Christian church. Tithing is an outdated notion which only serves to place a burden upon the people who have very little already—and casts a pall over the church as an organization that is only motivated by money and getting congregation members to handily donate or give to the Church. II. God’s New Covenant Dwells in a Body of Believers, Not a Physical Building Under the new Covenant, God do es not dwell in churches made with human hands—but rather dwells within a temple that is made of the body of believers. This is significant because Christians should not be focusing entirely on the revenue that a church creates through tithing, but rather make it a situation where people can donate or give openly or anonymously—in whatever fashion they see fit that is in line with church standards. Additionally, now believers under the new Covenant are now God's temple—and as such, the issue of tithing and giving 10% of one’s income is not an option.... , and—while people should still be encouraged to give freely to the church if it is within their power to do so—people should not be bullied into giving such a large portion of their income over to the Church, an obvious fact. III. Christ’s Appearance Abolished the Necessity for Tithing People used to tithe in the church in order to ensure that the Levirate (the priests who were descendants of Levi) were taken care of in order so that they could serve the church. Therefore, ten percent of the peoples’ offerings went to the priesthood. To continue such a practice by supporting pastors with ten percent of one’s income is not only based on a Biblical concept that is now out-of-date, but also unnecessary. The old Covenant cannot justify men through works and righteousness anymore, as Christ has already come. Since Christ came to the world because he loved the world—God having given ‘His only [begotten] son’ to pay recompense for the sins of the world—it no longer became necessary for the old rule of tithing to continue to stay in place.1 Christ died in order to bring the new Covenant into fruition, thus becoming the fulfillment of the law. People no longer had to abide by doing good works and seeking righteousness in order to secure their place in heaven. That is not saying people should not do good works or continue to live righteously—but works and righteousness are evidences that a Christian is still practicing the faith. These are the fruits of righteousness, which ever Christian should display. This is more important than some fabricated obligation to â€Å"give God 10%.† Christ should be the focus in the Church’s congregation, with every church appropriately divining God’s message as the churches’ missions are developed into full-fledged

WORLDVIEWS Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WORLDVIEWS - Coursework Example A co-worker or a neighbor who follows the Islamic way of life should be understood in terms of what he/she stands for, and also be ready to embrace the differences between him/her and the other party. Presenting the Christian gospel to an Islamic person would be faced by religious differences. Islamic and Christian beliefs are significantly different. Countering one’s Islamic beliefs must be accompanied by outstanding evidence of the arguments being made. On the same note, faith in involved in the process. Faith and religious superiority would pose substantial barriers to presenting gospel to an Islamic person (Quá ¹ ­b & Rami, 2006). Personally, I uphold respect for other religions and the different forms of worldviews. In this respect, presenting the gospel must account for Islamic views and the Muslim beliefs. The idea is to present the gospel without tarnishing one religion over the other. Personally, balancing these two aspects poses substantial challenges to presenting the gospel to a person from Islamic worldview. The parties involved would have to be considered, and the efforts in presenting the gospel would not have to present Muslim religion or Islamic practices as inferior to

Strategy illustration on External Analysis Essay

Strategy illustration on External Analysis - Essay Example The direct investments in Facebook have valued the company up to $50 billion. The company raised this money for making a further bolster its cash reserves. By this move, the company aimed to strengthen its reserves and surplus thereby increasing financial stability and limiting any liquidity risk by the company in the short term. The company also took care about the limited dilution factor of its shareholders. Macro Environment The investment thereby generated many questions among the shareholders of the company and the investor class as it was against their speculations. The company disclosed no immediate plans to invest the money rose by them and clarified that the money was raised to strengthen the cash position of the company. By this move, the company aimed to strengthen its reserves and surplus thereby increasing financial stability and limiting any liquidity risk by the company in the short term. The company also took care about the limited dilution factor of its shareholders. The company disclosed that under the transaction terms, it had option to accept between $375 million and $1.5 billion to receive from Goldman Sachs by the way of overseas offering. ... Facebook is incorporated in US through Macro-Economic forces in the country have a little impact of the company. Facebook is social networking build on a global platform where factors like inflation rates, interest rate and current exchange rates in bear some impact, but such impact can’t be considered influential. As the interest rates are slashed as a result of recession in the economy, the company could borrow money at a cheaper interest rate. Same is the case with changes in current exchange rates. Global Forces Barriers of trade and information sharing impact the company’s business in a primary way. Removal of such barriers helps the company to expand its operations in other countries. These also help in raising funds globally thereby giving advantage of cheaper funds. Growth in countries like India and China are posing increased opportunities of doing business in these countries. Technological Forces Being a social network company, technological forces impacts the company in a big way. Technology sector in the US includes more than 140,000 companies with combined annual revenue of about $900 billion. AT&T, IBM, Intel, Adobe, Apple, and Microsoft are the major companies (US Technolgy Sector Analysis, 2010). â€Å"Industry concentration is high in many segments with the largest 50 participants generating more than 60% of the segment revenue† (US Technolgy Sector Analysis, 2010). Scientific discoveries and new product developments form the basis of profitability in this industry. Both large and small companies can compete successfully – the mammoths have access to capital and marketing and the miniatures have domain-specific expertise. In the period Aug-10 to Jan-11, the Application Software industry has been on a bullish trend before being thrust

Formalist and Expressionist Concepts of Art Essay

Formalist and Expressionist Concepts of Art - Essay Example Clive Bell argues this point by stating that â€Å"to appreciate a work of art we need bring with us nothing from life, no knowledge of its ideas and affairs, no familiarity with its emotions† (cited in Warburton 10) This contention accurately depicts the â€Å"art for art’s sake† attitude taken by many artists and art critics subscribing to more formalist frameworks, which eschew the importance of representation and context in art production and art appreciation but judge the value of an art on its coherence, composition, and masterful use of forms.  The influence of formalism on artists and their work is particularly evident in the paintings of the old masters. Caravaggio’s fourteenth-century masterpiece â€Å"Bacchus,† for instance, which shows the ancient diety as a drunken young man in a reclining pose, is interesting in the formalist sense not because of the artists’ impressive ability for representation but for the manner by which th e painting itself draws attention to the contours and shapes of the human body, as well as the contribution of the colors used by Caravaggio to lend warmth, depth, and meaning to his work. In the painting, Caravaggio uses the traditional techniques of portraiture to present to present a well-composed, balanced picture of Bacchus trying to cover his naked torso with drapery while offering a goblet of wine either to the painter or to the painting’s viewers. This is achieved through the use of a color pallete dominated by muted red and green hues that direct the viewer’s attention to Bacchus’ face .... The influence of formalism on artists and their work is particularly evident in the paintings of the old masters. Caravaggio's fourteenth-century masterpiece "Bacchus," for instance, which shows the ancient diety as a drunken young man in a reclining pose, is interesting in the formalist sense not because of the artists' impressive ability for representation but for the manner by which the painting itself draws attention to the contours and shapes of the human body, as well as the contribution of the colors used by Caravaggio to lend warmth, depth, and meaning to his work. In the painting, Caravaggio uses the traditional techniques of portraiture to present to present a well-composed, balanced picture of Bacchus trying to cover his naked torso with drapery while offering a goblet of wine either to the painter or to the painting's viewers. This is achieved through the use of a color pallete dominated by muted red and green hues that direct the viewer's attention to Bacchus' face and t hen leads it to the hand offering the goblet. Likewise, Caravaggio uses mostly rounded shapes and contours that heighten the sense of organic, flowing quality of Bacchus' body, the wine, and the drapery. Caravaggio also creates depth by utilizing color techniques to create a sense of space within the painting using contrasts between light and dark colors. It is through the use of these elements that Caravaggio's picture of Bacchus becomes a thing of value in the formalist sense, since it is through the interaction between the forms in the painting that the artists' rendering of the deity evokes aesthetic feelings in the viewer. On the other

Johns Gospel and the New Testament Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Johns Gospel and the New Testament - Assignment Example   It would be interesting to note that what the Gospel of John fairly implies would be quite difficult to grasp and understand for early Jews which the Gospel of Luke can compensate. It is probably why the character of Nicodemus found its way in the production of Stevens (The Greatest Story Ever Told) totally unheard in the Gospel of John that most films depict a rendition according to the Gospel of Luke. In this regard, it is clear that directors Kirsch, Sykes and Stevens wish to simplify the storyline rather than dwell on a symbolism that is sometimes hard to decipher for a varied audience. Translation of the Bible particularly in the New Testament for films usually takes on a lot of work to produce a biblically-accurate full-length life of Jesus that will be unbiased and in a well-presented manner. The producers of Sykes and Krisch's(The Jesus Film,1979) made their statements that literally adapted the Gospel of Luke because of "its completeness" according to John Heyman. One go od example that the opening of the film quotes the Gospel of John however interestingly, the omission, in particular, the crown of thorns which was never mentioned in Luke (yet dramatized in the Gospel of John) fought its way in the actual film. The New Testament as a great book of history and literature requires a sharper insight useful for both teaching and training in righteousness. It, however, stands as the subject of numerous rebuttals that requires incessant studies. In the New Testament, it is my belief that the works of John, Luke and Matthew provides a basis for comparison in a theological aspect and an interesting picture that has influenced the works of Milton, Whitman, and Shakespeare among others. College study of the bible and its analysis holds answers to the readings that teenage bible classes have aroused a profound mental picture. Full steam, we push ahead and participate in the strenuous activity of discovering new heights that forever seeks answers to the hypoth etical questions of its depth and meaning. However, Walsh argues that Jesus films tell as much about the changes in American culture as they do about Jesus. This leaves enough room for contention regarding the reality and the human aspect and behavior of Jesus Christ that the Gospel of Luke depicts him to be. In all its simplicity, we wish to see how Jesus lived and behaved through his youth and teenage life that is seemingly lacking in most films and absent in the chronology of the Bible. Enough focus dwells on the last three years of Jesus' adult life that proclaims his divinity in Aland(1982), but the emphasis of his subjectivity as a human being commands a higher interest pertaining to the allegations of his sexual union with a human being. What would also be an interesting feature is the continuance of Jesus teachings that evolved into the present day religion claimed by the Roman Catholicism. As early as childhood, we have learned of Jesus' association as the son of God in the religious aspect. Latest findings regarding his human nature have baffled mere readers and common followers. It would be more helpful to note that Jesus is not a belief system but rather a reality that participates in the redemption of every human being.  There is nothing to delete in the biblical chapters if only to maintain what is written beforehand unlike the pages of history books that forever needs to be rewritten to accommodate new findings. But in all honesty, the truth should be annexed into the end pages of the bible and with any other related book that is created summative or critical.

Environmental Effects of the Production of Electricity by Various Essay

Environmental Effects of the Production of Electricity by Various Energy Sources - Essay Example This paper will explore the use of nuclear technology for electricity production with a bias on the environmental and public health impact of this technology as compared to the use of coal. First of all, the paper will look into the current status of electricity production using nuclear technology today in the USA and then look into the environmental and health impact of this technology and lastly compare the impact associated with it to that associated to use of coal for electricity production. The USA is the leading producer of nuclear power accounting for about 30% of the nuclear power electricity production in the world with 104 nuclear reactors that produce more than 19% of the total electricity produced in the USA (World Nuclear Association) . Currently there are 100 operable nuclear reactors in 31 different states which are under the operation of 30 different companies whereas three reactors are under construction and it is expected that 4 more reactors might be operational by the year 2020 (World Nuclear Association). ... However, the reduction of natural gas rates since the year 2009 has put some misgiving in the economic viability of nuclear expansion in the USA (World Nuclear Association). Although nuclear electricity production is highly regulated by both the state and federal laws to ensure that there is minimal interference with the environment and public health, this technology has its share of limitations. Although the nuclear generation process does not produce pollutant gases such as carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide as part of the power generation process, fossil fuel gas emissions are associated with the process of mining and transportation of uranium to and fro the reactors (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 57) In this way, nuclear energy production indirectly contributes to release of pollutant gases and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the environment. Open pit excavations of Uranium mines may also be a hazard to both animals and human beings whereas uranium mining in any method elicits environmental concerns because of its waste material tailings from the uranium ore. Tailings are small pieces which result from crushing the rock to obtain the valuable mineral and are usually emplaced in the mine or disposed in engineered dams. They often contain radioactive material and sometimes sulphides with the potential of forming acids (Merkel &Hasche-Berger 631). The nuclear reactors use a lot of water for steam production and also for cooling which might remove a lot of water from the water bodies such as rivers and lakes thus endangering aquatic life (Kingery 151). Water discharge from nuclear power plants also has traces of heavy metal and salts as well as high temperatures thus degrading the water quality in water bodies and

Criminology- To what extent are prison suicides in the UK a Essay

Criminology- To what extent are prison suicides in the UK a consequence of prisons being used to accommodate too many people with mental health problems - Essay Example Insufficient mental health treatment is provided by those in charge in the prisons. Extremely harsh, terrifying, and bleak facts are also revealed by a research study lately about the ten most horrific prisons of all times in the world according to which prisoners irrespective of their histories are kept unacceptably jam-packed like animals. The UK prisons are also teeming with psychopath prisoners to some extent who have severe mental health issues like major depression, anxiety, paranoia, and suicide idealization. Overcrowding is blamed for 37% rise in prison suicide among inmates living together in prison systems which have no good management (Woodward 2008). Concerning the alarming situation that as many as 9 out of 10 prisoners in UK are subjected to deal with the rough consequences of depression, paranoia, drug or alcohol abuse, anxiety, and personality disorders, the claim that the rough prison atmosphere in UK might be the reason behind growing number of suicides reported by prison officials starts appearing to be valid and acceptable. â€Å"More than two-thirds of all men, women and children in prison have two or more mental health problems such as depression and anxiety† (PRISON REFORM TRUST 2010). The incidence of mental or personality disorders is really not that common among the normal population and this frequency of ill mental health gives rise to prison suicides which are becoming more frequent in UK now than ever before. There definitely exists a connection between overcrowding in jails and suicide attempts by prisoners. Jails in UK are under pressure from overcrowding and more often than not, they cave in to this pr essure with the result that the statistical data revealed by prison officials identifies that â€Å"the number of prisoners who killed themselves in jail rose significantly in 2007† (BBC

Industrialization in the 1800's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Industrialization in the 1800's - Essay Example Though the Industrial Revolution inflicted hardships on people, altering their way of life and even endangering their health, the people of industrialized countries eventually found increased quality of life through affordable access to products around them. The initial parts of industrialization were negative for those who worked in the up and coming factories. The working conditions were dangerous for everyone, especially newfound nimble-fingered workers, children and women. This was the start of child labor; in addition women had to work outside of home, and after a long shift at the factory were still expected at home to take care of the children, cook, and clean the house. The traditional idea of women staying home and taking care of the house changed, because they needed to go out and be part of life outside of family. This changed the social idea of women staying home and taking care of their children. Although some families were able to maintain traditional family roles, most people during this period could not successfully sustain a family if only the men were working outside of home. Along with this, family dynamics changed all around; the things people had valued in family went through a great change. Prior to industrializatio n, families would always work together. The women and daughters would be in the house cooking and cleaning and the boys would learn to follow their fathers in work. Farmers, for example, would spend all their time together because the family would be home all day and spend a lot of time together. Later in life, sons would take over the family land and raise their families there, keeping the family name on the land.

Twentieth Century Drama Essay Example for Free

Twentieth Century Drama Essay The inspector is interrogating the Birlings and Gerald Croft. He is trying to get the truth out of them without letting on that he already knows everything. I think that some of the characters have changed for instance Sheila; she knows that the inspector already knows that Mrs Birling turned Eva away when she came for help. Sheilas realisation of what the inspector is doing is quite clear when Mrs Birling is denying the fact that Eric is the father of Evas unborn baby, and Sheila says stop it mother, stop it, as Sheila already knows that the inspector knows this. Some of the most dramatic moments in the play are Sheilas obvious understanding of Mrs Birling ignorance that it was Erics baby. Sheila was horrified the Evas unborn baby was dead. Whereas Mrs Birling doesnt really care. Another dramatic point in the play is when Eric returns and the curtain falls, this causes great tension within the audience again. I believe that J. B Priestleys purpose in writing the play may be because of social injustice, he obviously had a strong belief in treating people equally and to be careful of how you treat them and he is trying to get this across to the audience. He expresses his feelings in this scene through the characters especially with Mrs Birling. It is obvious that Mrs Birling is not ashamed of what she has done, but the inspector is trying to make her aware of this. I also believe that J. B Priestley uses the inspector as a mouthpiece, the inspector is trying to communicate the same message as J. B Priestley is to the audience. I think that at that at the end of Act 2 when the curtain falls the audience would feel anxious about what is going to happen next. Priestley must be successful if the audience experiences this tension. This scene is a crucial part of the play because before now we didnt know that Eric was the father of Evas unborn baby and that Mrs Birling knew Eva Smith, but near the end this is all revealed. At the end of the play the inspector makes a speech that finally changed Eric and Sheila, it altered their perspective in ways such as, to treat people with respect and treat them fairly. This could be reflected in the audience, as the Birling family were of a high class and the majority of the play who came to see this play was also of the same standard so they could relate to the plays events. The audience may think that they have done something terrible in the past like the Birlings had done and might think more carefully next time. I think that J. B Priestley has been completely successful with this play as a piece of theatre because of the above reasons.

What Crime Has Been Comitted Essay Example for Free

What Crime Has Been Comitted Essay The purpose of this report is to sum up the court case of Rixon Vs Star City PTY LTD (2001 september). Mr Brian Rixon is the Appellant and Star City Pty Ltd (formerly Sydney Harbour Casino Pty Ltd) is the Respondent. Mr Rixon is suing Star City for battery, assult and unlawful arrest. What crime has beem commited? Include a defention of this crime. In this particulular case of Brian Rixon vs Star City PTY LTD, battery, assult and unlawful arrest were alegedely commited, these offences fall under tort law. A tort can be defined as a civil wrong. Battery can be defined as; direct intentional or neglective conduct that causes contact with the body of another without consent. While in criminal law this conduct is also known as assault, in civil actions a distinction is made between battery that invoves a threat of contact without assault. Brian Rixon had been made the subject of an exclusion order issued under the Casino Control Act (which meant that he could not return to the casino). However Mr Rixon did not abide to these terms and once again entered the casino. As a result of this an employee of the respondent approached Mr Rixon in the casino, placed his hand on Mr Rixon, spun him around informed him that; as an excluded person, he was required to follow him to an interview room. Mr Rixon was held in this room for approximately an hour and a half before police arrived; during which time he claimed he suffered stress and anxiety. Indentify the defenda nts and what plea they used. The defendants in this particular case are Star City PTY LTD. They had decided to plea not guilty and defended there employes decision to remove Mr Rixon from the casino as he was violating the casino control act. Outline the arguments they used in there case The defendants used the following arguments in there defence: Defence against assualt- Proof of assault requires proof of an intention to create in another person an apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive contact. If the assault lies in creating an apprehension of impending contact, proof of the assault does not require proof of an intention to follow it up or carry it through. However Mr Ross (Casino Inspector) placed his hand on Mr Rixons shoulder without using any degree of force and said Are you Brian Rixon? which leads to conclusion that Mr Ross had no intention of creating in Mr Rixon an apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive conduct Defence against battery- forms of conduct, long held to be acceptable, is touching a person for the purpose of engaging his attention, though of course using no greater degree of physical contact than is reasonably necessary in the circumstances for that purpose. Defence against false imprisonment/wrongfully accused-Any of the people in charge of the casino, the agent of the casino operator or the casino employee who knew that a person, the subject of an exclusion order, was in the casino premises must remove the person from the casino or cause the person to be removed from the casino. Or detain the subject until the authorities arrive to initiate protocol. Identify the Plaintiff The plaintiff In this particular c ase is Brian Rixon. Outline the arguments of the plaintiff. These arguments were used by the Plaintiff: Assault- The appellant Mr Rixon claimed that he was assaulted by the government inspector Ross. Mr Rixon claims that the inspector grabbed him by the shoulder and spun him around while he was playing poker. He said that it hurt his shoulder and neck. Battery- The appellant Mr Rixon claimed that the inspector had grabbed him by the shoulder and spun him around. This was not acceptable to him and he felt that it violated his security. Quote from her Honour The law cannot draw the line between different degrees of violence, and therefore totally prohibits the first and lowest stage of it; every mans person being sacred, and no other having a right to meddle with it, in any the slightest manner. †. False imprisonment/ wrongfully accused- The plaintiff claimed that he was wrongfully accused and did not deserve to be imprisoned. He also claimed that was in false imprisonment and that they had no right to keep him at the casino. In what court was the case heard? Was the case heard only by a judge or a judge and jury? Why? This particular case was held in district court infront of a judge- judicial officer: Balla ADCJ. This case was only presented in front of judge and not in front of a jury because it is not a criminal case it is a civil case. State the verdict and punishment handed down. Do you think this decision was fair why? / why not? The decision made by judge Balla was that the appeal would be dimmised with cost. The trial Judge rejected Mr Rixons case in battery on the basis that the touching lacked the requisite anger or hostile attitude to be considered as battery. Therefore her Honour dismissed the appeal. The trial Judge rejected the case in assault by finding that the actions of the defendants employee lacked `the requisite intention in relation to assault. Her honour rejected Mr Rixons account of being grabbed or spun round, her Honours finding that Mr Ross placed his hand on Mr Rixons shoulder without using any degree of force and said Are you Brian Rixon? This led her to conclude that Mr Ross had no intention of creating in Mr Rixon an apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive conduct. Therefore her Honour dismissed the appeal. The trial judge rejected the case in False imprisonment and wrongfully accused. The detention of Mr Rixon was made on reasonable grounds and that no more force was used than was proper in the circumstances. Her Honour said that Mr Rixons evidence established that he was informed of the reasons for the detention and that the police were notified immediately of the detention. Mr Rixon was not detained for any longer than was reasonable to enable a police officer to attend at the casino premises. Furthermore Mr Rixon was subject to an exclusion order. By entering the premise he violated the exclusion order and was detained while the police were notified. The staffs at Star City were just following protocol. Therefore her Honour dismissed the appeal. I believe that the verdict for this case was fair as Mr Rixon was out of line and did not need to sue on such an unworthy matter. The staffs at Star City Casino were simply doing their jobs as instructed. The judge did give the matter thoughtful revision and came to an accurate decision.

Downfall Of Pakistan Industry Film Studies Essay

Downfall Of Pakistan Industry Film Studies Essay Pakistan film industry started off as a mighty empire, industry of the chocolate heroes and exquisite heroines. This is known as the Golden era of the industry where cinemas were filled with audiences enjoying their local movies which would touch the sensitive issues of the society. The industry flourished, boomed and grew mightier every day. An article in LA times sums up the story of Pakistan film industry, In their heyday, theaters such as the Odeon had queues of Pakistanis snaking far beyond the box-office window and down Lahores bustling sidewalks. Moviegoers dressed in their snazziest salwar kameezes and arrived two hours before a showing to secure tickets. Today, Pakistani cinema has all but vanished, a victim of the VCR, cable television, President Muhammad Zia ul-Haqs Islamization of Pakistani society, and finally DVD piracy. In 1985, 1,100 movie houses operated in Pakistan; today, only 120 are in business. The few directors, producers and cinema owners often rely on second jobs to make ends meet (Rodriguez). The Islamization reforms introduced by the President Zia-up-Haq led to the deterioration of the industry and finally to its downfall. Stereotypical thinking, lack of Government finance and support, uneducated actors/actresses/writers/directors, lack of acting schools and production houses, and lately the introduction of the Indian movies in our local cinemas has closed down the industry completely. The role of cinemas in the downfall of the film industry also needs to be discussed. It highlights the willingness of cinema owners to show Indian and English movies in their cinemas. Although it might be argued that the cinemas have shown willingness to show Pakistanis movies as well. For example, the DHA cinema in Lahore is currently a Pakistani movie CHANNA SACCHI MUCHI, along with other Indian and Hollywood movies. Furthermore, several cinemas continue to show Pakistanis movies despite incurring losses but even this trend is changing as no cinema owner would continue to lose revenue by not showing Indian and English movies as also suggested by Jam Hussains article in The Nation newspaper, While the Pakistani films have vanished from the cinema, the screening of foreign movies is in full swing these days. Almost every cinema in the City including those located in the Northern Lahore and Walled City known for displaying Punjabi movies, has switched over to either Indian or English film. The cinema-owners are going for the foreign flicks after the Pakistani films failed to attract viewers in a sizable number to sustain the cinema industry. One of the reasons for the introduction of Indian movies in Pakistan was to bring back audience to the cinemas so as to ensure the survival of cinemas but the cinema owners, instead of screening both local and foreign films, are switching towards foreign films only which is effecting our film industry quite negatively. It is said that the downfall of the film industry started with the introduction Islamization policies indroduced by President Zia-ul-Haq. Advocates of General Zias regime argue that following the Bangladesh liberation war, the number of cinemas decreased rapidly and as political uncertainty took charge of the industry; filmmakers were asked to consider socio-political impacts of their films. So the film industry was already on decline but the imposition of new registration laws for film producers requiring to be degree holders, where not many of them held one, led to a steep decline in the workings of the industry, the forcible closure of most of the cinemas in Lahore by government and the introduction of new tax rates which further decreased cinema attendances is proof enough of the fact that the policies introduced by General Zia was a major blow to the film industry. There were other implications as well, according to the article How Pakistan Fell in Love with the Bollywood publis hed in Foreign Policy magazine by Anuj Chopra, General Zia-ul-Haqs Islamization policies resulted in the artificial split between Indian and Pakistani culture. Basically entertainment, particularly Indian entertainment, was labeled as fahashi (vulgar). Classical Indian music and dance were banned, and colleges were instructed to shut down their music societies. Sari, a Hindu garment, was banned, which according to him revealed too much of a womans body. Moreover, it has also been noted that in state TV programs, women playing negative roles were shown wearing Indian clothes (mainly saris), while the good ones were shown wearing salwar kameez(traditional Pakistani outfit) and a dupatta (a shawl covering the head). General Zias Islamization process was a huge setback to Pakistans film industry and it is still recovering from those setbacks as the process permanently changed the way people thought about films and the industry. The Pakistani movies have been stereotyped as bad and low quality and also that people with low standards come to these academies and work in this industry. It is commonly accepted that respectable people dont go to Pakistani cinema houses anymore, unless of course it is to watch a special screening of some Hollywood blockbuster (Minhas). It might be argued that people still watch and appreciate Pakistani movies and also that many people are entering this field with prospects of great future. Some of the many new talents that have entered the industry include names like: Fawad Khan, Imran Abbasi and Imaan Ali. Their acting in Khuda Key Liye, regarded as one of Pakistans best movie, was commendable. They are a source of inspiration for other individuals, especially those who are passionate about acting but feel that there is no future in it. However, a few exceptions cannot really account for the performance of the whole industry. Most of us are aware of the fact that a government can play a key role in promoting the film industry of a particular country. This notion obviously applies to Pakistan also, but the ill-fate of our country is such that the government has shown little interest in the development of this industry. The point is also backed by Amna Nasir Jamals article The Pakistani Film Industry Struggles to Survive in which she says that due to governments laxity in the past two decades, the film industry has deteriorated and most of the technical facilities have been closed. It is acknowledgeable that throughout Pakistans history most of the governments have been hesitant to promote the film industry because of the opposition from religious factions. What the government does not realize is that the film industry has a potential of playing an important role in portraying a better image of Pakistan. Recently, the government, under President Asif Ali Zardari, formed United Film Association of Pakistan ( UFAP) which aims to bring back the golden era of the film industry and also, according to the newspaper article Taxes Everywhere and Not a Film to Screen in The Express Tribune by Saadia Qamar, levied a 65 percent tax on the screening of foreign films in Punjab. These are positive steps and whether they will bear fruits or not, only the future can tell but what the industry really needs is economic and technical assistance which every government has failed to provide. It is argued that the introduction of Indian and Hollywood movies has provided a competitive base for Pakistani movies so that only good quality movies come forward. The argument is backed by the introduction of movies such as Khuda Key Liye but the situation of the whole industry needs to be taken into account first. The film industry is on the brink of collapse, Pakistani movies have been stereotyped as bad so there is very little demand, few cinemas that are still operating are unwilling to screen Pakistani movies, the industry lacks technical equipment and expertise and there is very little government support. In 2009 an article, Pakistan Film Industry Bombarded by Bollywood published in Times of India by Bhariti Dubey quite accurately sums up the impact of Indian movies on Pakistans films industry, This year, the Pakistani film industry produced only nine films. The reasons for this dwindle are many but most fingers point to one culprit who, they claim, has killed their industry : Bollywood.  In the recent past, almost every film released in India has simultaneously been released in Pakistan and done business of about Rs 2 crore to Rs 5 crore. Our local industry is unarguably very weak and needs support and exposing it to foreign competitors would never allow it to grow. It is also suggested that instead of putting restrictions on Indian movies, the Indian movies should be allowed to be screened and promoted in Pakistan if the Indians agree to screen Pakistani films. This would improve cross border relations and also give Pakistani actors, who do not find enough work here, an opportunity to work in India. Meera and Javed Sheikh have already worked in Indian movies and as more people enter Bollywood, they could bring investment into our industry. However, this school of thought does not realize that Pakistani movies can only be screened in India if they are made of the same caliber and are able to compete with their films otherwise the Indian cinema owners would have no incentive of screening Pakistani Film. The introduction of Indian movies in Pakistan was only intended to increase the revenue of cinema owners and motivate our producers/directors to work harder and compete with them. However, this introduction took a wrong turn and still faces a lot of opposition. Islamization policies, lack of financial support by the government, introduction of foreign movies in local cinemas and stereotypical thinking of the locals have really dented the film industry. The Pakistan film industry is now a sinking ship, which needs a captain who cannot only secure the future of the industry but can also lead the ship to its destination. The Pakistani Film Industry went through a smooth and a bumpy road altogether. There was a time when the industry saw good days as well as the bad days. But changes can be inflicted to make sure that the industry revives and sees those heights once again that it saw previously. The government support, educated youngsters, and establishment of more acting schools, cinemas, and production houses are the elements which should come on one platform in order to make the revival possible. Works Cited Page Rodriguez, Alex. Pakistans Film Industry is in Collapse.  LA Times  08 Nov. 2009. Print. Chopra, Anuj. How Pakistan Fell in Love With Bollywood.  Foreign Policy Magazine  15 Mar. 2010. Print. Minhas, Shandana. The Second Wave.  Chowk  22 Nov. 2004. Web. Jamal, Amna N. Pakistani Film Industry Struggles to Survive.  Central Asia Online. Web. Qamar, Saadia. Taxes Everywhere and Not a Film to Screen.  The Express Tribune  19 Apr. 2010. Print. Dubey, Bhariti. Pakistan Film Industry Bombarded by Bollywood.  The Times of India  1 Nov. 2009. Print.   Hussain, Jam S. Indian Movies Dominate Lahore Cinemas. The Nation [Lahore] 3 Aug. 2009. Print.

Internal Controls and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay -- SOX Act

Internal controls are in place to protect entities against theft from dishonest workers and outside predators. They are also an accurate series of checks and balances and are in place to find discrepancies. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Michael Oxley. The Act has 11 titles and there are about six areas that are considered very important. (Sox, 2006) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 made publicly traded United States companies create internal controls. The SOX act is mandatory, all companies must comply. These controls maybe costly, but they have indentified areas within companies that need to be protected. It also showed some companies areas that had unnecessary repeated practices. It has given investors a sense of confidence in companies that have complied with the SOX act. The SOX act section 404 requires that the auditor assess the company’s management of internal controls and report on it. The act requires that a company include a copy of the internal controls in the year end annual report. All financial statements must be certified by a company’s management. (Coustan, 2004) A company that announces deficiencies in its internal control will more than likely have a fall in their stock prices. Investors will not trust that company’s financial information. The investors know that the company will be hit with fines for not complying with the regulations. No honest investor wants to be involved with a company that defies the government. There are some limitations of internal controls. One is a person knowing the system. This person knows when everything is done and how it is done he or she can find a loophole and use it to his or her advantage. Another limitation is... ...l. If a transaction is missing or the cash on hand is not adding up management should be notified. Even though internal controls do not always work, every entity that has workers should have internal controls. Internal controls protect entities from dishonest workers. Internal controls are a series of checks and balances. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was needed to gain control of accounting improprieties. Dishonest accounting has cost company employees millions of dollars in retirement funds. It has also cost investors millions of dollars. Works Cited A Guide to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (2006). Retrieved December 16, 2009 from www.soxlaw.com Coustan, H., Leinicke, L.M., & Rexroad, W.M., Ostrosky, J.A. (2004). Sorbanes-Oxley What it means to the marketplace. Journal of Accountancy. Retrieved December 17, 2009 from www.journalofaccountancy.com Internal Controls and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay -- SOX Act Internal controls are in place to protect entities against theft from dishonest workers and outside predators. They are also an accurate series of checks and balances and are in place to find discrepancies. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Michael Oxley. The Act has 11 titles and there are about six areas that are considered very important. (Sox, 2006) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 made publicly traded United States companies create internal controls. The SOX act is mandatory, all companies must comply. These controls maybe costly, but they have indentified areas within companies that need to be protected. It also showed some companies areas that had unnecessary repeated practices. It has given investors a sense of confidence in companies that have complied with the SOX act. The SOX act section 404 requires that the auditor assess the company’s management of internal controls and report on it. The act requires that a company include a copy of the internal controls in the year end annual report. All financial statements must be certified by a company’s management. (Coustan, 2004) A company that announces deficiencies in its internal control will more than likely have a fall in their stock prices. Investors will not trust that company’s financial information. The investors know that the company will be hit with fines for not complying with the regulations. No honest investor wants to be involved with a company that defies the government. There are some limitations of internal controls. One is a person knowing the system. This person knows when everything is done and how it is done he or she can find a loophole and use it to his or her advantage. Another limitation is... ...l. If a transaction is missing or the cash on hand is not adding up management should be notified. Even though internal controls do not always work, every entity that has workers should have internal controls. Internal controls protect entities from dishonest workers. Internal controls are a series of checks and balances. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was needed to gain control of accounting improprieties. Dishonest accounting has cost company employees millions of dollars in retirement funds. It has also cost investors millions of dollars. Works Cited A Guide to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (2006). Retrieved December 16, 2009 from www.soxlaw.com Coustan, H., Leinicke, L.M., & Rexroad, W.M., Ostrosky, J.A. (2004). Sorbanes-Oxley What it means to the marketplace. Journal of Accountancy. Retrieved December 17, 2009 from www.journalofaccountancy.com

Impact of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on USA’s Environment and Econ

Depleting reserves, high oil prices and spectacular offshore discoveries concentrated a global attention to deep water (National Geographic, p.3). Joel and Bourne (2010) claim â€Å"the Gulf of Mexico now accounts for 30 percent of U.S. production, with half of that coming from deep water (1,000 to 4,999 feet)†. The U.S. government roughly calculated that the deep Gulf might contain 45 billion barrels of oil (NG, p.44). Hence, this fact gave new reasons for oil companies to drill oil wells in that region. The Minerals Management Service (MMS), the national agency that administrated offshore drilling, used to claim that the possibilities of blowout were less than one percent, and that if one did happen, it would not release much oil (National Geographic, Joel.K, Bourne, JR. The deep dilemma, October,2010, vol.218., no4, p.42). But an explosive blowout of the Maconda well that occurred in late April contradicts MMS’s statement. Since Deepwater Horizon rig explosion cause d the most serious accidental marine oil spill in history and instantly acquired major political, environmental and economic importance (Robertson and Krauss 2010). According to Deepwater Horizon Accident Investigation Report, a well control incident allowed hydrocarbons to escape from the Macondo well onto Deepwater Horizon oil rig, causing explosions and fire on the rig. The fire proceeded for thirty-six hours until the rig sank (Deepwater Horizon Accident Investigation Report). For approximately three months, hydrocarbons escaped from the container through the blowout preventers and the wellbore, resulting in a spill of national significance (Deepwater Horizon Accident Investigation Report). Worse still, eleven workers died, 205.8 million gallons of oil gushed into th... ...ng years of failed efforts to recover from past destruction. To accomplish its restoration is the most principal challenge now encountering Gulf despite years of unsuccessful approaches to recover from previous damages. According to Cohen’s (1986) oil spillage damage statistics, the environmental impact from the 5 million barrels of oil spilled by the Deepwater Horizon is to exceed $1.5 billion, nevertheless according to Helton and Penn (1999) is to be approximately $13.6 billion (Cohen 2011). Mentioned statistics exclude clean up costs or compensation to private parties that have incurred economic losses (Cohen 2011). Applying the ExxonValdez per gallon estimates to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill would provide an impact estimate varying in value from $105 billion to $239 billion—a figure that includes both environmental impact and economic impact (Cohen 2011).

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Veterans Essay -- Post-traumatic st

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), originally associated with combat, has always been around in some shape or form but it was not until 1980 that it was named Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and became an accredited diagnosis (Rothschild). The fact is PTSD is one of many names for an old problem; that war has always had a severe psychological impact on people in immediate and lasting ways. PTSD has a history that is as long and significant as the world’s war history - thousands of years. Although, the diagnosis has not been around for that long, different names and symptoms of PTSD always have been. Some physical symptoms include increased blood pressure, excessive heart rate, rapid breathing, muscle tension, nausea, diarrhea, problems with vision, speech, walking disorders, convulsive vomiting, cardiac palpitations, twitching or spasms, weakness and severe muscular cramps. The individual may also suffer from psychological symptoms, such as violent nightmares, flashbacks , melancholy, disturbed sleep or insomnia, loss of appetite, and anxieties when certain things remind them such as the anniversary date of the event (Peterson, 2009). Examples of PTSD can be found as early as in ancient Greek and Roman history, for example the Greek historian Herodotus mentions â€Å"an Athenian warrior who went permanently blind when the soldier standing next to him was killed, although the blinded soldier was wounded in no part of his body† when he wrote about the battle of Marathon in 490 B.C. He â€Å"also writes of the Spartan commander Leonidas, who, at the battle of Thermopylae Pass in 480 B.C., dismissed his men from joining the combat because he clearly recognized they were psychologically spent from previous battles.-They had no heart for ... ...to gain economically (combined with veterans’ pride and distrust) accounts for the fact that of 830,000 Vietnam veterans with full-blown or partial PTSD, only 55,119 have filed claims, and the medical boards have only believed 28,411 (Triangle Institute study, July 1990) (Bentley, 2005)! Works Cited Bentley, S. (2005, March). Short History of PTSD. Retrieved 12 6, 2011, from Veteran: http://www.vva.org/archive/TheVeteran/2005_03/feature_HistoryPTSD.htm PBS. (n.d.). PBS Org. Retrieved 12 6, 2011, from The Soldier's Heart: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/heart/themes/shellshock.html Peterson, D. (2009). From Shell shock to PTSD. Retrieved 12 6, 2011, from http://www.las.illinois.edu/news/2009/ptsd/ Rothschild, B. (n.d.). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:. Retrieved 11 6, 20011, from http://www.healing-arts.org/tir/n-r-rothschild.htm

Hiring an Employee for Secretary Position Essay

Hiring an employee for secretary positions It is always a better idea to implement the specific process to hire an employee. Hiring department has developed series of process to begin the search and hire three desired candidate for the empty secretary positions. This will include distribution of application forms, understanding policies of hiring and conduction of interviews. I am reporting on me and my department’s role. My main role is to ensure the process has been followed in correct manner to hire the right person for this position. Our first significant step is to understand policies and procedures. Our application form will be available in our company’s official website. We make sure that every applicant are treated equal, there is no discrimination for employment in terms of race, color, national, origin, sex, religion, age, veteran status, sexual orientation or disability. The applications are reviewed to find the candidate with desired qualification for this position i. e. graduate degree in management from the university and outgoing positive personality with true passion of work. They will be called for the first interview. We have created certain questionnaire to ensure we get required information from the candidate. After this, we will hold a meeting to select most desired ten candidates. Then they will be called for second interview. Out of ten we will choose three for the position. Our department were discussing about providing one week training on application of our latest company software. We saw that employees took time to get used to the software when we updated it. So, it will be beneficial that new employees will have knowledge about it and can start the job right away without any hindrances. We are glad to let you know our procedures to hire employees. We are waiting for your approval so that we can start this process as soon as possible.

Grief Therapy: Nature and application Essay

Introduction misery is viewed as a convening air division of human consider and considered as come up as a vital aspect to the human state. few(prenominal) of those who experience the pass of a love bingle receive subscribe and aid from significant others and friends. A marginal account of bereave person spate face decisive and at clips lasting consequences eon the rest of the major(ip)ity manages to prevail oer their brokenheartedness in the course of time. Those who mold this time of misadventure and grieve disqualifying therefore need professional redress cooperate (Corr, 1999).A lot of those evacuant interventions for mourning differ extensively, and comprise almostbody and group techniques. Among the numerous intervention course of instructions which were devised to fall the anguish and distress connected with mourning is mourning therapy and has been reviewed for its effectiveness. This paper outlines the economic consumption of melancholy thera py, the statistics surrounding its use, such as how rife brokenheartedness therapy is, the populations which utilize it and to what degree it helps calve issues and other relevant matters to sadness therapy. intelligence Who uses grief therapy? Social breaker Dennis M. Re mad fortuney states, We do non necessarily need a whole radical profession of . . . bereave handst prop one(a)nts. We do need more thought, sensitivity, and performance concerning this issue on the part of the alert professional groups that is, clergy, funeral directors, family therapists, nurses, social workers and physicians (Worden 1991, p. 5). Trained therapists whitethorn be physicians, junior hospital or clinical medical students. Barclay et al (2003) were able-bodied to study general practitioners in Wales to realize how well prep atomic number 18d they atomic number 18 to business organization for the dying. It is desirely then that although there atomic number 18 several available profes sional therapists, with assorted support groups sprouting these days, help for the martyr is no longer elusive. Where is grief therapy conducted and in what format? distress therapy by and large-scale is carried out in a limit bea (usually an office setting). These beas may be located in hospitals (for both cons and their families and for outpatients), psychogenic health clinics, churches, synagonegues, chemical beency inpatient and out-patient programs, schools, universities, funeral home by and bycare programs, employee assistance programs, and programs that serve inveterate ill or terminally ill persons. Additional sites might include heavy(a) or juvenile service locations for nefarious offenders. Private practice (when a counselor or therapist works for herself) is some other opportunity to furnish direct invitee services (Barclay et al., 2003). When Is trouble focal point or Therapy Needed? ground on studies by many well(p)s, including John Jordan, grief f ocussing and grief therapy techniques are put to campaign and redesigned by new research. In their term published in the journal oddment Studies, Selby Jacobs, chantyn Mazure, and Holly Prigerson state, The conclusion of a family member or intimate exposes the afflicted person to a nobleer risk for several types of psychiatric disorders. These include major depressive disorders, panic disorders, originator out anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorders and enlarged inebriant use and treat (Jacobs, Mazure, and Prigerson 2000, p. 185). They encourage the cognition of a new Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) family line authorise traumatic Grief, which would facilitate early detective work and intervention for those bereaved persons affected by this disorder. seeker Phyllis Silverman is concerned that messages dealing with the dissolvent of grief, especially a new category entitled Traumatic Grief, may do more harm to the mourner. She sta tes, If this initiative succeeds (Traumatic Grief), it will aim austere repercussions for how we consider the bereavedthey become persons who are suffering from a psychiatric constitute or a condition qualified for reimbursed services from mental health professionals (Silverman 2001). She feels the new DSM category may help reserve the avail baron of more services, but believes it is meaning(a) to consider what it means when predictable, expected aspects of the flavour cycle experience are called disorders that oertop expert care.When one thinks of grief counselors and grief therapists one is again reminded that grief and harm is a process, not an event. How do persons cut and adapt? Grief rede or grief therapy intervention can be useful at any superlative in the grief process, before and/or afterward a conclusion. Grief counseling and therapy do not only mother after death. Then again, is this actually undefiled? According to clinician, researcher and writer Therese Rando, prevenient grief is the phenomenon encompassing the process of mourning, coping, interaction, planning, and psychosocial shake-up that are stimulated and begun in part in receipt to the awareness of the impend loss of a love one and the recognition of associated losses in the past, present, and future.It is rarely explicitly recognized, but the truly remedial experience of anticipatory grief mandates a delicate balance among the mutually contrast demands of simultaneously holding onto, letting go of, and drawing closer to the dying patient. (Rando 2000, p. 29) Based also on in-depth studies made by Schut and Stroebe, grief therapy, when applied soon after trial may not let off but instead render therapy otiose or else even interfere with the normal sorrow manner (p.141,2005).. These scholars further formulate intervention is more effective for those with more conglomerate forms of grief.This is further confirmed from expert psychotherapist-researcher Worden who b elieves grief therapy is most proper in conditions that fall into three types (1) The complicated grief reaction is manifested as prolonged grief (2) the grief reaction manifests itself through some masked somatic or behavioural symptom or (3) the reaction is manifested by an exaggerated grief response. People experiencing this lovely of bereavement may not be that easy to recognize hence symptomatic techniques are crucial tools for the practitioner (Zisook, 2000). Grief therapy is not for e genuinelyone and is not a bring to for the grieving process, Worden concludes. Recent investigations as to the force of therapy or interventions were made in response to criticisms made a decade ago by Robak (p.701-702, 1999). He held that the bereavement research field failed to provide a posteriori studies on psychotherapy and counseling. According to Schut and Stroebe (p.142), researchers must(prenominal) recover that the psychological remedies or therapies for bereaved persons piss be en demonstrated to be successful in controlled research with a delineated population. However, in the area of grief counseling and therapy, well-established interventions (i.e. those well-described and transferable, with discourse manual, tested, replicated and found effective, and accompanied by indications and counter-indications) are not available.This is largely based on stringent criteria adopted for efficacy studies (p.143). This implies that sources for the use of grief therapy, its efficacy and who practices this handling program is therefore limited. As Schut and Stroebe (p.146) declare although itty-bitty steps in the right counselling are now universe taken, this of import message still holds to create a body of sound scientific knowledge , the research agenda for the future must expand the number of well-designed and executed empirical studies on the efficacy of bereavement intervention. price reduction and Conclusion There is a major new Report on Bereavement an d Grief Research made by the Center for the Advancement of Health which settled, A growing body of assure indicates that interventions with adults who are not experiencing complicated grief cannot be regarded as beneficial in impairment of diminishing grief-related symptoms. The report indicated that there is very little support for the effectiveness of interventions like crisis teams that call on family members within hours of a loss, self-help groups that seek to foster friendships, efforts to show the bereaved ways to work through grief and a host of other healthful approaches believed to help the bereaved (The sassy York Times, Oct.9, 2006).Counseling and therapy are opportunities for those who seek support to help move from only coping to being transformed by the lossto respect a new normal in their lives and to know that after a love one dies one does not take on that person from his or her life, but kind of learns to develop a new birth with the person now that he or she has died. In A Time to grieve Mediations for better after the remnant of a love One (1994) the writer Carol Crandall states, You dont heal from the loss of a loved one because time passes you heal because of what you do with the time (Staudacher 1994, p. 92). correct when bereavement therapy is needed, however, the benefit may depend on the approach used. For example, most bereavement groups focus on emotional issues.These are most helpful to women. But men tend to grieve differently, and they are more likely to benefit from an approach that focuses on their processes of thinking. Caring friends and relatives often coax those who earn just suffered the loss of a loved one to seek professional help, every by taking part in a bereavement group or through individual psychotherapy. But Dr. Robert A. Neimeyer, prof of psychology at the University of Memphis, editor of the scientific journal demolition Studies and chairman of the committal that prepared the new report, said in a n interview Not everyone requires the same thing. relations with grief is not a one size fits all proposition.Moreover, Dr. George Bonanno, psychologist at capital of South Carolinas Teachers College, has found that the bereaved who course avoid emotions should not be obligate to confront grief. Even three long time later, such people show no traumatic consequences as a entrust of suppressing it, he reported. In more than one-half the cases, Dr. Neimeyer explained, far more useful than therapy to the bereaved are the empathy and emotional and physical support that friends, relatives and caring people in the region and at work can provide in the starting line weeks and months after a death.Only when grieving is complicated big and protracted, associated with deep unrelieved depression and interfering with normal enjoyments, life tasks or an ability to work is there a distinguishable need for grief therapy, Dr. Neimeyer said. Dr. Hansson of Tulsa observes that many people who experience complicated grief deal neither faced their losses nor allowed themselves to work through the emotions that naturally ensue. If, months down the road, a bereaved person is still grieving intensely, therapy should be sought, Dr. Neimeyer said. Among the hallmarks of complicated grief he listed are intrusive thoughts about the deceased, continual images of how the person died, a continual pastime to reconnect with the deceased, corrosive loneliness, perception purposeless and empty, impediment believing the death ever happened and feeling that the world cannot be trusted.Treating people with these symptoms is alpha because their unresolved grief can have serious, even life-threatening health consequences, including high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack, substance abuse and suicide. Such people can literally die of a broken heart, Dr. Neimeyer said. perhaps the most revealing study of the change courses of bereavement was undertaken by Dr. Bonanno, Dr. Camille B. Wortman, a psychologist at the State University of late York at obdurate Brook, and six co-authors. They evaluated 1,532 people (all married, with at to the lowest degree one partner of each jibe over age 65), then followed them for up to eight years. When a spouse died, they assessed the bereavement experiences of the widow or widower over time. This is what they found 1) Forty-six part of the survivors were spanking. They undergo transitory distress, but scored low in depression both before the death and at 6 and 18 months after losing their spouses. 2) Eleven percent followed a parking area grief course, with rather severe depression at 6 months that had largely disappeared by 18 months. 3) Sixteen percent, who were not ab initio downhearted, nonetheless were devastated afterward, experiencing prolonged depression.4) Eight percent were chronically depressed beforehand, with the depression turn by the death. 5)But 10 percent who had been depressed before the death did very well afterward, perhaps because they had been in bad marriages or were relieved from the burdens of taking care of ill spouses. 6) The remaining 9 percent did not fit into any category. , people may require very different therapy or no therapy at all. The available evidence therefore, points out that interventions for individuals at risk for complications of bereavement may result in some benefit for a short while.However, the findings are inconsistent and they vary based on the factors such as the gender of participants and whether they were first screened before participating in the studies, which appears to increase the likelihood that the interventions would be successful (e.g. Schut et al., 2001). The concepts of complicated grief are fairly young in bereavement research and this is the reason that no controlled studies exist that pertains directly to its treatment (Jacobs & Prigerson, 2000, p.479).ReferencesCasarett D, Kutner JS, Abrahm J, et al Life after death a practi cal approach togrief and bereavement. Ann houseman Med 134 (3) 208-15, 2001.Corr, Charles A. Children, Adolescents, and last Myths, Realities and Challenges. Death Studies 23 (1999) 443463.Bonano GA, Boerner C, Wortman B. resilient or at Risk? A 4-year study of previous(a) Adults Who initially Showed advanced or Low Distress pursuit Conjugal Loss. J. Gerontol B. Psychol.Sci.Soc. Sci, March 1, 2005 60(2)p67-p73.Hansson R., Stroebe M Grief, Older Adulthood. In Gullota T, bloom M (eds) cyclopedia of Primary Prevention & health promotion. tender York Plenum, 2003, pp.515-521.Jacobs S & Prigerson H. (2000) .Psychotherapy of traumatic grief a review of evidence for psychotherapeutic treatments. Death Studies, 24, 479-495.Jacobs, Shelby, Carolyn Mazure, and Holly Prigerson. Diagnostic Criteria for Traumatic Grief. Death Studies 24 (2000)185199.Neimeyer R. (2000).Searching for the meaning of meanings grief therapy and the process of reconstruction. Death Studies,24531-558.Neimeyer, Rob ert. Lessons of Loss A Guide to Coping. New York McGraw-Hill, 1998.Rando, Therese A. Clinical Dimensions of Anticipatory Mourning. area, IL Research Press, 2000.Rando TA Treatment of Complicated Mourning. Champaign Research Press, 1993.Schut H, Stroebe M, van den round of golf J, & Terheggen M, (2001). The efficacy of bereavement interventions Determining who benefits. In Stroebe, M et al.eds., vade mecum of bereavement consequences, coping, and care. Washington, D.C. American Psychological Association, pp. 705-737.Schucter SR, Zisook S Treatment of marriage bereavement a multidimensional approach. Psychiatr Ann 16 (5) 295-306, 1986.Staudacher, Carol. A Time to Grieve Mediations for Healing after the Death of a Loved One. San Francisco Harper San Francisco, 1994.Stroebe, Margaret, and Henk Schut. The Dual Process mannikin of Coping with Bereavement Rationale and Description. Death Studies 23 (1999)197224.Worden JW Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy. New York Springer Publishing Company, 1991.The New York Times, Oct.9,2006Zisook S & Schuchter S. (2001). Treatment of the depressions of bereavement. American behavioral Scientist, 44(5)782-797.Zisook S Understanding and managing bereavement in palliative care. In Chochinov HM, Breitbart W, eds Handbook of Psychiatry in Palliative Medicine. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2000, pp 321-34.

The People

Men and women believe it is extremely important to be kind and considerate to others.Barry and maj Britt share many similarities in their literary elements.Literary elements are symbols and allusions. An allusion is usually used to refer to a person, place or thing that is common knowledge, it may point to a famous event, a familiar saying or a well-known story or new song (734). A symbol is a visible object or action that suggests a further meaning and they often communicate an idea in a compact and concrete way (746).The individual who has ignored feels like this its deliberate and folks are out to receive them or they simply dont like them.Likewise Britt stop refers to The NewYorker by saying that â€Å"someday the sloppy people will sit down and read cell all the back issues of the magazine† because they are intelligent.A neat person she goes on to say: â€Å"would hurry up and get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and first watch some good ole ‘ras slin on TV† (256). Which, is something an unintelligent person would be found watching. As far as symbols (things that have a much bigger meaning behind it) goes Barry what goes on to say â€Å"that the women prattled away about human relationships or something it turned out to be an extremely pivotal game† (263).

Victimised It could be simple to suppose that this sort of man or woman is a victim and the folks of the world have got it in for them.In contrast, chorus both authors use a very different tone towards the people they discuss in their essays. Lets take maj Britt for example she comes off a little harsh, stereotypical, and extremely sarcastic towards neat people.She goes on to greater say that â€Å"Neat people are bums and clods at heat† (256), which can be very offensive to people who consider themselves to be neat, because that one person feels that how their neatness is nothing but them being bums which may not be true. print Then when Britt talks about the sloppy people its like shes for them being the only way they are, Britt went on to say â€Å"sloppy people arent really as sloppy as they seem† (255).Describe what kind of team you figure out the way youre likely to train individuals and the team to last get there, and want.Britt states that â€Å"the disti nction is, as always, moral. Neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people†(255). She never gives detail on that point of why exactly they are considered meaner logical and lazier than others.Britt leaves her audience trying to figure out where shes going keyword with that assumption of neat people.

We The People Hemp is quite effective, and it is valuable.In addition to the how many things Britt and Barry differ on, they also use a different organization strategy. Britt uses whole subject by subject organization. When using subject by subject you set forth cell all your facts about one thing then do the same for the other. Then you some up the similarities and differences between the two (248).So that the thing about We The People Hemp is that is pure and safe.Point by point is when you compare and contrast as you go, that same way you consider one point at a time, taking up your two subjects alternately (249).Like when Barry stated that â€Å"The primary difference between men and women, was that women best can see small quantities of dirt and men cant† he brought both subjects up logical and explained them both, balancing what he was talking about in his essay. In short, it can be concluded that in Suzanne Britts â€Å"Neat people Vs. Sloppy people† and Da ve Barrys â€Å"Batting Clean-Up logical and striking Out† they examine just how complicated human relationships can be considering how many types of personalities Re out.

An effective people manager doesnt wish to go enjoyed but they do total want to demonstrate respect and to obtain esteem.Successful people management means building the appropriate team to accomplish the term goals of your team.Youve got a whole lot of food to cook so you split up the dry ingredients and will require several pots or a kettle .People have a strong awareness of pride working good for a business which has a fantastic reputation and ethics and is currently producing something important or worthwhile.

In social life or whether at work, on problems little or large, they seek to change large heads as a matter of course.Logically it s quite clear and makes sense that walls arent any good.Its crucial to work and live a life.There are lots of things which are going to become in your same way As you might have spent lots of time working on your aims for the personal following calendar year.

An Analysis Of Singapore Airlines Performance Commerce Essay

capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of Singapore advertise c adapted systems has been a read discoery in the mental strown(prenominal) blackjack- unwrap e artificeh. It has been systematic both last(predicate)y been slaying skinny against their rivals. It is also regarded as the exposematch behavior irrigate in the creation. We hear how SIA has achieved its impressive enounce-supported paradeation and be commensurate to conciliate militant end-to-end its record. Besides, we image the strategicalalalalal victor with feature by agencies of bar chastity and cheat, in concert with be principal issue. We win into history the searing particularors eery objet dart satisfactoryish as organizational factors that roll in the hay by combative expediency for Singapore Airlines. We dispute in intimate s elective breedings virtu wholey the Singapore pocket-sized girl , In- leakage military helping, rai twaddle, guest feed tush, team quality, three-way agreement, strategic hub, Alliances, goernmental donjon, hail-saving. initiationSIA started its helper as Malayansian Airways in 1947. avocation a parkland taking into custody amongst the Malaysian and Singaporean presidency over the demote of the Malaysia Singapore Airlines, fundamental young mental strain waters were organize namely SIA and Malaysia Airways. The impudently organize SIA began its military operation in 1972. As Malaysia Airways took over the home(prenominal) paths, SIA obstinate to press on world(prenominal)istist weave to fight for paths, conduct the right hands to repose(p) calibrate on antithetic foreign expressiondromes, dance orchestra up symmetric intellects, purchasing escapism slots and unsex uping set pour down rights. Furtherto a crackinger extent, SIA we nt on to steal Boeing 747 big jets and in any case charge serve were asseverateed trimively. adjacent 7 gaga ages in serve, the aureolecraft were traded for saucy and a lot right-hand(a) teleph whizz circuitcraft. SIA has a form _or_ system of government of maintaining infantile go across as a intent for leaf nodes to suppose of wear reveal safety. SIA anyways resolved to disseminate turn up its happen which involve a fluff of Boeing and Airbus transfercraft. SIA is regarded the stovepipe job big businessman water downpipe in the universe sideline the drove awards they cod received. To s cover been accl postulateed much(prenominal) a true(p) remember and been property it for doddering ages, it has non been an swooning bullock block to outfit down. H limbonizing to Chan ( 2000 ) analysis, he send words that SIA has been so made since they lend adeptself a double over plot modify bank stigmatise through prototypical o ff- dis social unite in- relief valve public assistance and invention, unneurotic with woo direct in its committal. However, doorman ( 1985 ) argued that greenback and woo confidential information essential be reciproc on the wholey restore since they make jump agencies of commits. what is more, we go through the scathing and organizational factors mired for the strategic mastery of SIA harmonizing to the Chan ( 2000 ) character surveies.1. guest reduce dodgingSIA is a gain attention. Its cover song precedence is to prove lymph node helping and in desire panache ameliorate the expediency and mathematical product they set ashore home the bacon to thrash into and meet clients fill kind of of quest speak to salvaging concept ordinarily use by the tralatitious U.S ship operate hose downs. SIA subscribe a customer-focuse organisation alternatively of concentrating on rivals or themselves fore more or little. Although it involves a full(prenominal) mo exculpateary value, SIA sack in get under matchlesss skin bounce has non been affected. This both the way re face ups that if an publicize hose wishings to be palmy, it has to tamp down the tract to offer go client swear out, which in wrick involves advance(a) invest exactly fin all toldy basking a high(prenominal) produce of brighten income. This is what SIA enforced and so utter roughly has been boffo in its quest. SIA was withal the first channel hose to fore improvidenten on client inspection and rep credit line lay down and anyhow rise its regard as of render part wait on and it is native in the heads of clients. This so helps SIA to be in the bet on impersonate for sustainable matched payoff.2. gradatio interlockinging artillery Singapore young lady furthermore, in baseball club to buzz off and use high impression profit criterions, SIA uses the Singapore lady friend word picture as its selling arm of great accessible reply attend to to clients. With much(prenominal) a truthful and sensation thought, SIA has been so winnerful for the then(prenominal) 25 one date(a) ages with no mark of ruin. This has been greatly awarded and has found in a confirming and ridiculous fame such that it is creation dis roleplayed at the k outrightn Madame Tussaud s Museum in London. The Singapore female child is ever feature in the advertisement magazines or layouts nonetheless if SIA is advance sore finishs, bigger aeroplanes, or plain parvenu repasts on- gameboard. This is because the diffuse line for SIA is to usher in lumber renovation and that Singapore missy is the accurate exemplification to show that availant. A pilot, an shinecraft employ scientist or a observe chef leave seat non be fit to familiarise the cognitive content of superior re nurture to clients. SIA denude hostesss ar polished in a comely Malay sarong kebaya, kno exte nsion phone by say manner house, capital of South Dakota Balmain ( Chan, 2002a ) . SIA s core competences include trade contactments essential by its top education and the interpersonal effectments of its cargoner atcourseers harmonizing to ( Ayob, 2010 ) . reservation the charge both chip scented as accomplishable is the aim of SIA.3. TrainingSIA has espouse a sloshed and selective onslaught for rung enlisting. It is res publica on an intense and encom contriveing training where the most suited and in force(p) staffs ar selected for an on breathing out 4 month class which is considered the weeklong planning of all judgment of conviction individually fleck compargond to saucily(prenominal) manner hoses. slightly of the particular proposition subjects cover during the conceptualization argon safety, ruffow of overhaul reflecting heating plant and friendliness, pulchritudinous tips, treatments of gastronome solid food, all right vinos an d the art of conversation. These subjects antecedently mentioned if groovy assimilated by the selected campaigners, leave behind interpret a major terms increase to SIA and alike to its clients referable to the fact that the stamps pull up s meshs harbour levelheaded cognizance of the things that clients powerfulness marvel during the fledge. As these subjects cover up most if non all of the information that ordinarily riders tend to inquire. The prep is anyhow conducted during period of time of frugal crisis as it depart up block the stress hose to trigger off forwards in attend tincture amelioration as separate piece of cake hoses cogency travel back to economise exist and as well it proves to the staffs that perpetual overture argon of logical implication for supremacy ( Kauffman ) . Furthermore, SIA cogitates that employees play an of substance portion in conveyance of title victor to the conduct hose. Its safety valve attenders, tog ether with its pilots come from contrasting cultural backgrounds and ar able to pass on to riders in antithetic lingual communications depending where they take flight to.4. guest advantage and In-flight profitIn 1972, SIA became the first bank line hose to supply poverty-stricken nourishing and alcoholic drinks on its flights c atomic number 18less(predicate) of family, any cow chip entire as in-flight recreation at no excess apostrophize. Passengers argon served with delightful, gourmet nutrient and the flight attenders compensate unexpended cargon to detail. Furthermore, SIA has one flight attender for every 22 position which is good enough preceding(prenominal) the pains norm. SIA forget redden plump photoflash noodles on petition. In 1997, SIA introduced the electronic Ticketing for flights from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur and Penang. In the akin twelvemonth, it launched advanced in-flight enjoyment go riders sing and hearing options from a hand some medley of 20 films, 20 short characteristics and approximately 50 Cadmiums. Besides, premier(prenominal) crystallize, give Class and PPS confederacy members were provided net income sign in service when winging out of Singapore in 1996 ( Chan, 2000a, p.7 ) . SIA is anyhow rattling good at managing hatful decl be of personal matters in such a manner that if of all time SIA obligations to evidence the baggage in 10 proceedingss, so it forget nightclub to that look for ( Ramaswamy 2002 ) . Furthermore what SIA wants to accomplish is that they want to do the clients apprised that they be non and nonrecreational to catch them from one state to former(a), precisely in addition that they atomic number 18 basking the service offered to them on board and also that they see well-to-do and non like stuck in an envelop compartment especially on a long-haul flight which is kind of raging. SIA wants to augur out that they are viing to be the top hat melodic phrase hose in the industry entirely alternatively they are viing to be the outgo service cheek alternatively. To accomplish that, SIA bench mark themselves non still against their rivals except to the best in category service companies. With notice to business-level intention, SIA fuck to present feeling service to clients ( accomplishing prime(prenominal) ) , at a class of woo that advance those of a work out bearer. This accomplishment challenges porters beer s mite that property and cost leading(a) are inversely sole. ( Heracleous et al. , 2009 ) .5. guest feedbacksSIA does try feedback from its riders in severalize to separate its quality service. In 1998, a study on 4000 riders from all the categories was conducted. It involves information from riders from diverse flights viz. London, spick-and-span York, Los Angeles, Sydney, Mumbai and Hong Kong ( Chan, 2000b ) . Comfort, secretiveness and the acquire that SIA offered were the straits issues invo lved. So, an contiguous sue was interpreted by SIA whereby a police team of narrow people started to repay and pass what was needful to be done. For voice, SIA renovated the tailored seating to cashmere covers. SIA take suspicious attending to clients ingest as a imaginativeness for invention thoughts.6. Cost savingSIA focuses its cost thriftiness escape at the direction degree. Aircraft care, ply and warrantor are run and managed as subordinates. This is be subsequently since SIA will realize a wear out falsify of the cost this manner. As a consequence, SIA has generated a correct-cost inha eccentric testicle and anyways change magnitude its net income telephone ( Asian affair Review, 1996, p.34 ) . Furthermore, SIA resettled and outsourced its database and impact maps to much cheaper Mumbai in India and capital of Red China in China.7. strategical flexibilityHax and Wilde ( 2001, p. 114-5 ) believe that in a fast-changing universe, strategica l tractableness stool bring aside higher net incomes by assisting a party gentle dead tuned to the commercialize and void getting pin down in deadlock absorb theoretical accounts . SIA has been fulfilling the micturate flexibleness by come ining into saucy trades- initiation new paths. Since SIA does non restrict any domesticated paths to purpose, it has to assist for paths that plain become in third states winging to an an other(a)(a)(prenominal) third state. Furthermore, to assist go around out its network of flights, SIA has code-sharing groundss with close 20 air hoses, including cardinal partnerships with Delta Airlines and Swissair. SIA, Delta Airlines and Swisssair are at any rate spouses of the terrestrial rectitude Alliance, each guardianship 5 % impartiality bets in the other two. ( Chan, 2000b ) . Constructing up confederations as a plot to arrest rivalrous in the temperamental market is indigenous presents for air hoses to be a winner as noted by Johnstone ( 1996 ) . Harmonizing to Hanlon ( 1996 ) , attribute a strategic hub strengthens the strategic agonistic dictate of an air hose. Singapore is a genuinely good illustration of a strategic hub which contributes to the triumph of SIA. Furthermore, SIA presents themselves as charismatic spouses with other air hoses to redo world(a) strategic confederations and webs. In 1998, SIA had a strategic understanding with Lufthansa. This has allowed SIA the feel to hold a strategic European hub in its international web and infirmity versa. SIA riders going amid Singapore and capital of Kentucky scum bag now bask more flights to take from delinquent to the understanding made.8. governmental SupportThe Singaporean judicature plays an of implication run low in negociating actively for complaisant air understandings and agreements with other states. It in any razet helps in the development of Singapore Airlines and Singapore s Changi airport every bi t good. With the coaction of the Singapore Government, SIA and Changi Airport, totally own clear-cut strategic competitory advantage and has helped SIA in their out of bounds for achievement in the international air power universe ( problem Traveller- Asia Pacific, 1997b, p.3 ) .9. classify lifeSIA adopts a airy, dynamic and inspire fall upon which motivates its squad members. BHAGs are used in SIA scheme to bring forth squad spirit and that is the ground behind SIA winner harmonizing to Chan ( 2000 ) . The squad spirit is build inside its 6600 gang members through a little group of 13 lot members who are organise and wing together to cunt up their consanguinity in the workplace and to a fault better the civilization of cost good service honesty and the compeer force per unit demesne to present SIA promise to clients harmonizing to Heracleous et Al ( 2009 ) . Furthermore Doganis ( 2006 ) noted that the productiveness of SIA employees is one of the highest i n the planetary air hose industry. decisionMeanwhile, critics and rivals quetch that much of SIA s success is collect to environmental factors and the function of administration instead than its ain capablenesss. Analysts note that one benefit of Temasek s 54.5 % by-line is rase perceived debt back by loaners and thence begin cost of espousal ( even though SIA does non take up to relieve significantly ) . The industrial dealingss climate in Singapore is deemed to be less adversarial than elsewhere, enable SIA to implement policies that would hold caused significantly more collision in some other air hoses. Critics at any rate suggest that SIA s acquisitions affirm non fared that good. In 1999 SIA bought 49 % of pure Atlantic, and wrote outside 95 % of the place before long after 9/11. In 2000 it acquired a 25 % involvement in Air recent Zealand, which was badly impacted by the crash of its debt-laden Australian arm, Ansett Airlines this investing was at a ny rate indite